Case Study

Industrial Petroleum Soil Bioremediation: 97% TPH Cut With On-Site Windrow Treatment

At an industrial site with petroleum-contaminated soil, an on-site windrow program using Petroleum Treat cut total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH, C10 to C40) from about 20,000 to 650 ppm, a 97% reduction, dropped oil and grease from 1,100 to 45 mg/kg (96% lower), and returned the treated soil to the site with no off-site hauling.

97%
soil TPH reduction
96%
oil and grease reduction
0
soil hauled off-site

Results at a glance

MetricBeforeAfter
Soil TPH (C10 to C40)~20,000 ppm650 ppm (97% lower)
Oil and grease1,100 mg/kg45 mg/kg (96% lower)
Porewater sulfate420 mg/L210 mg/L (50% lower)
Staining and odorHeavy staining and odorEliminated, greatly reduced
Disposal methodOff-site haulingOn-site windrow, soil returned

The challenge

An industrial site carried heavy petroleum contamination in its soil after years of hydrocarbon exposure. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH, C10 to C40) measured about 20,000 ppm, oil and grease ran near 1,100 mg/kg, and sulfate in the soil porewater was elevated, with visible staining and strong hydrocarbon odors across the site. Natural attenuation was far too slow to bring the soil back into compliance, so the contamination needed active treatment. Excavating and trucking the soil to an off-site disposal facility would have been expensive and disruptive, so the owner wanted a way to clean the soil in place. The project set out to test whether an on-site windrow program built around high-CFU petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria could break down the hydrocarbon load and return the soil to the site instead of hauling it away.

What we did

Petroleum Treat (PT), a high-CFU blend of petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, was worked into the contaminated soil in a controlled on-site windrow program. The soil was formed into windrows, dosed and turned so the bacteria stayed active and aerated, and the same biology that digests aliphatics, aromatics, and heavier petroleum distillates broke the hydrocarbon load down in place. Because the treatment happened on site, the remediated soil was returned to its original location once TPH came down, with no excavation to a landfill and no off-site disposal costs.
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Before: the site soil carried about 20,000 ppm TPH (C10 to C40) and 1,100 mg/kg oil and grease, with visible petroleum staining and strong hydrocarbon odor.
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Before: the site soil carried about 20,000 ppm TPH (C10 to C40) and 1,100 mg/kg oil and grease, with visible petroleum staining and strong hydrocarbon odor.

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After: on-site windrow treatment with Petroleum Treat cut soil TPH 97% to 650 ppm and oil and grease to 45 mg/kg, with staining gone and the soil returned to the site.
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After: on-site windrow treatment with Petroleum Treat cut soil TPH 97% to 650 ppm and oil and grease to 45 mg/kg, with staining gone and the soil returned to the site.

The results

On-site windrow treatment cut soil TPH (C10 to C40) from about 20,000 ppm to 650 ppm, a 97% reduction, and dropped oil and grease from 1,100 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg, a 96% reduction, while porewater sulfate fell by roughly 50%. Visible petroleum staining was gone and hydrocarbon odors were sharply reduced, and every bit of treated soil was returned to the site rather than hauled to a disposal facility. The result shows what windrow-based petroleum bioremediation with high-CFU hydrocarbon degrading bacteria can do on a real contaminated site. For environmental remediation contractors, industrial site owners, and regulatory project managers handling petroleum contaminated soil, on-site biological treatment delivers deep TPH reduction and full soil recovery without the cost, trucking, and liability of off-site excavation and disposal.

The data

Soil TPH (C10-C40)
ppm
20000
650
97% lower, from ~20,000 to 650 ppm
Oil and grease
mg/kg
1100
45
96% lower, from 1,100 to 45 mg/kg
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Download the complete case study (PDF)

Frequently asked questions

How do you remediate petroleum contaminated soil on site?

On-site windrow bioremediation treats petroleum contaminated soil in place. The soil is formed into windrows and dosed with high-CFU petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria that break the hydrocarbons down. In this project, soil TPH fell 97%, from about 20,000 ppm to 650 ppm, and the treated soil was returned to the site.

What is windrow bioremediation for TPH contaminated soil?

Windrow bioremediation forms contaminated soil into long rows that are dosed with hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and turned regularly to keep them aerated and active. It is a low-cost, on-site way to reduce total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) without trucking soil to a landfill.

How much can bioremediation reduce soil TPH and oil and grease?

In this project, on-site treatment cut soil TPH (C10 to C40) from about 20,000 ppm to 650 ppm, a 97% reduction, and oil and grease from 1,100 mg/kg to 45 mg/kg, a 96% reduction, while porewater sulfate dropped by roughly half.

Can petroleum contaminated soil be cleaned without off-site hauling?

Yes. Because the soil is treated in windrows on site, there is no excavation to a disposal facility. Once TPH came down, the remediated soil was returned to its original location, removing the cost, trucking, and liability of off-site disposal.

Do petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria work on heavy, aged contamination?

They do when dosed and aerated properly. The blend used here targets aliphatics, aromatics, and heavier petroleum distillates, and it brought long-term contamination at roughly 20,000 ppm TPH down to 650 ppm in a controlled windrow program.

How is Petroleum Treat applied for soil remediation?

Petroleum Treat (PT) is mixed into the contaminated soil as the windrows are built, then reapplied as the rows are turned so the bacteria stay active. It comes in liquid and powder formats for soil and windrow programs.

Who uses on-site petroleum soil bioremediation?

Environmental remediation contractors, industrial site owners, brownfield developers, and regulatory project managers use on-site bioremediation to bring petroleum contaminated soil into compliance while avoiding the expense of excavation and off-site disposal.

Is on-site soil bioremediation cheaper than dig and haul?

It usually is. Treating soil in place with windrow bioremediation avoids excavation, transport, landfill tipping fees, and clean-fill replacement. Here the entire soil volume was treated and returned to the site instead of being hauled away.

petroleum-treat

Product used in this trial

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Before/During/After

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